Glossary |
|
Term |
Definition |
| BONVOYAGE communication system | Communication bus integrated in the BONVOYAGE platform. It integrates heterogeneous network architecture, the Internames Service Layer (the middleware) offering networking functionalities of Internames, and logical nodes implementing search engine, routing, and rendezvous functionalities. While identifying contents, services, users, and devices through names, the BONVOYAGE Communication System exposes request-response and publish-subscribe primitives to upper layer applications. |
| Bundle | A bundle is a trip chain for a seamless journey constituted by n Uni-Modal travel links. |
| Collective transport | A system of vehicles such as buses and trains that operate at regular times on fixed routes and are used by the public. |
| Data consumer | End user of the BONVOYAGE platform interested to the information for planning and optimizing transportation services. |
| Data model | A logical representation of entities and relationships between two (or more) entities. |
| Data producer | Entity of the BONVOYAGE platform generating and publishing travel-centric information and/or participatory sensing data. |
| Existing ICT Solutions | It is the software application supported by communication technology that is currently used in pilot sites for the management of the existing services. |
| Functionality | Represents a capability (or a set of capabilities) offered by the system toward external entities, or by a sub part of the system toward another sub part of the system. |
| Group Pricing | Price discrimination practice that implies that the same good is sold at different prices to different groups of consumers by the same supplier. |
| Individual transport | Represents the identified domain in which the user is the driver and has the control of the vehicle (bike, car sharing, car-pooling…) |
| Information-Centric Networking (ICN) | It represents an emerging paradigm for the Future Internet, where all information (e.g., a picture) are identified by a name, which does not include references to its location. User’s requests are routed toward the “closest” copy of such information, which could be stored in a server, in a cache contained in a network node or even in another user’s device; then, the content is delivered to the requesting user. With ICN, the communication network becomes aware of the name of the information that it provides and the routing decisions are made on the basis of the information name. |
| Interface | Link between the different components in the Architecture and defined by means of the set of services that the component supports. |
| Intermodal | Refers to the use of different transport modes in a journey to reach a destination. |
| Inter-modal transportation | Transportation of passenger [freight] involving multiple modes of transportation (rail, ship, plane, car, local public transport, bicycle, walk, [truck]) where: (i) each mode is offered by a different transport service provider through a specific vehicle [container]; (ii) the bundle of transport at services is considered as one process – addressing the linkages, interactions and movements among modes of transportation – in a combined trip chain for a seamless journey. |
| Internames | Internames is an “Information-Centric” communication Network, which collects and distributes all data through their identifying names, instead of their location on a particular server or host. Further, Internames is an advanced ICN which is able to operate across heterogeneous network realms. |
| Internames Rendezvous Node (IRN) | Logical node of the BONVOYAGE Communication System performing publish-subscribe functionalities. |
| Internames Service Layer (ISL) | The middleware integrated in the BONVOYAGE Communication System, implementing Internames functionalities. |
| Interoperability | Ability of two or more ICT Services to exchange information and use the information that has been exchanged in order to deliver new services or extend existing ones. |
| Membership Management | This functional module is in charge of monitoring and recording the user’s usage of the BONVOYAGE platform in order to collect and update user scores according to the current score assignment policy. It must also return the ranked list of the best rated scores as well as the list of Awards for a given user. |
| Middleware | Software layer that hides the complexities and the differences of the underlying system’s or hardware’s technologies, exposing an abstraction layer to the overlying application and allowing the application developer to focus all his effort on the task, without the distraction of orthogonal concerns at the system or hardware level. |
| Multi-modal transportation | Passenger [freight] involving multiple modes of transportation [rail, ship, plane, car, local public transport, bicycle, walk, [truck]], where each mode is offered by a different transport service provider through a specific vehicle [container]. |
| Multi-objective programming problem | Mathematical optimization problem involving more than one objective function to be optimized simultaneously. |
| Name Resolution Server (NRS) | Logical node of the BONVOYAGE Communication System performing routing functionalities. |
| NDN | Named Data Networking is an ICN oriented project. It is characterized by hierarchical naming scheme, coupled request and data paths and by-name routing for requests and secure packets with signature. |
| Object Resolution Server (ORS) | Logical node of the BONVOYAGE Communication System performing search engine functionalities. |
| OM2M | OM2M is an open source implementation of the SmartM2M standard, enabling M2M communications. |
| Planning and travel itinerary management | This functional module is in charge of computing optimal or near-optimal route alternatives from a given origin to one or more destinations by taking into account query parameters, user constraints and user commitments. It also monitors and detects the occurrence of dynamic events and chooses whether to calculate a new set of route alternatives, in case such dynamic events severely affect the previously calculated routes or even make them unfeasible (e.g., the previously calculated routes turn out to be not possible anymore, will be delayed, will have to be improved, etc.). |
| Platform | A platform is a group of technologies that are used as a base upon which applications, processes or technologies are developed. |
| Price discrimination | The practice of setting different prices for the same good or the practice of selling two varieties of a good to two buyers at different net prices, the net price being the price (paid by the buyer) corrected for the cost associated with the product differentiation. |
| Price of the bundle | The price of a bundle (pi) is the final price that the functionality BUILD_PRICES gives as output in relation to the bundle Bi Each bundle Bi is characterized by a unique final price pi. |
| Private Area | (Web Site) restricted area reserved only for people involved in the BONVOYAGE project. |
| Project Roadmap | The Project Roadmap is a high level overview of the project’s goals and deliverables presented on a timeline. |
| PURSUIT | The Publish Subscribe Internet Technology is an ICN-oriented project. It is characterized by flat naming scheme, hierarchical structure for routing requests, decoupled request and data paths and self-signed names with packets authentication. |
| Quality of Experience | Quality of Experience (QoE) is the subjective perception of the end user, i.e. the perception that user has about the quality of the service offered by BONVOYAGE platform with respect to a specific service chosen by user. |
| Reference Functional Architecture | High-level and preliminary description of the system, expressed in terms of interacting functional modules, each being a set of (homogeneous) functionalities. |
| Requirement | A requirement is a condition or capability needed to solve a problem or achieve an objective. |
| Scenario | Scenarios describe the stories and context behind why a specific user or user group will use a specific solution or product. They note the goals and questions to be achieved and sometimes define the possibilities of how the user(s) can achieve them on the product. Scenarios are critical both for designing the system, their interfaces and for usability testing. Scenarios are generally used by user research people to communicate with design teams. |
| Service Providers (SP) | Represent the stakeholders that create apps or services which use the BONVOYAGE platform. |
| Short Story | A short story is a brief statement, described in a very easy to read way, containing BONVOYAGE features from an end-user perspective. The short story describes the type of user, what they want and why from BONVOYAGE. Short Stories provide a quick way to handle needs without a big and annotated document that is difficult to read. |
| Stakeholder | The term of stakeholder refers to an individual, group, or organization, who may affect, be affected by, or perceive itself to be affected by a decision, activity, or outcome of a project. |
| SVN | Subversion – Repository allowing versioning. |
| Tariff Scheme | Nonlinear pricing rules according to which the price of each multimodal trip of BONVOYAGE users is built. It takes as input the tariffs charged by transport operators on each origin-destination trip and it builds the price of the multimodal trip on the basis of two dimensions: the profile of the user and the features of the trip and it is aimed at reducing externalities (e.g. congestion and pollution). |
| Technology Providers (TP) | Represent the stakeholders that create or are responsible of the maintenance of the BONVOYAGE platform. |
| TRAC | Web-based management tool for project management. |
| Transport Information Providers (TIP) | Represent the stakeholders that will offer related transport information to BONVOYAGE platform, like Freight Operators, Transport Operators, Travel Operators, Information Providers. |
| Transport operator’s tariff | Tariff charges by the transport operators for a single origin-destination trip. |
| Travel | In the user perspective, travel is represented by a user request in the BONVOYAGE platform, i.e. query containing a departure point, an arrival point and a departure time; it can include other travel requirements and preferences expressed by the user. |
| Travel objective/target management | This functional module allows the user to define an objective which will be properly taken into account by the “Planning and travel itinerary management” module. It also allows the user to monitor her/his progress towards the achievement of such objective as well as to accumulate points from achieved targets. |
| Travel solution | Travel plan proposed by the functionality “Trip planning” (module Planning and travel itinerary management); the travel plan is the answer to the user request (namely, the travel) and consists of all practical information allowing the user to implement a travel. |
| Travel solution management | This functional module is in charge of managing travel solution data. Such management is realized by associating passengers with the requested travel solutions, by “building” prices for all tariffs, offers, promotions and discounts and by allowing any transport operator to modify/update such tariffs, offers, promotions and discounts. As a result, this functional module is in charge of informing the BONVOYAGE platform about the travel solutions that have been chosen, on the basis of a given set of search parameters and of given user profiles. |
| Trip | In the BONVOYAGE perspective, trip is the technical name indicating the solution to a user request (namely, the travel); in this sense, travel solution and trip are synonymous. |
| Trip Control | The function of ensuring in time that the trip solution suggested to the BONVOYAGE user is feasible and in line with his/her preferences. That is achieved through proper re-computation of the travel solution after one or more monitored parameters suggest that the current solution is no longer feasible or good in the above sense. |
| Trip Planning | The functionality of the module Planning and travel itinerary management being in charge of calculating the profile based ranked list of travel solutions with respect to a user request, i.e. a travel. |
| Uni Modal Link | Uni Modal Link is defined as a single short trip from which the overall Travel is composed; each uni modal link is characterized by a single transport modality. |
| Use Case | A Use Case describes the behaviour of a system in a certain situation. Thus, the Use Case describes: · The entities that participate in the Use Case (actors) · The constraints that govern the Use Case · The circumstances in which the Use Case occurs (pre-condition) · The circumstances in which the Use Case concludes (post-condition) · The objective of the Use Case · The sequence of the interaction between the user and the system. |
| User | Represent the stakeholders that will consume the services provided by the apps based on the BONVOYAGE platform (or the BONVOYAGE application itself). Passengers: Citizens that will make use of the services provided by the project; Private Driver: Citizens, truck and bus drivers… which drive a vehicle; Companies: e.g. Transport operators who wants to find available services to be delivered; Other entities that require specific information from BONVOYAGE. |
| User behavioural attributes | A set of N attributes characterizing the behaviour of a user pre/on/post trip with respect to selected and implemented travel solution according to the User Data Model (UDM) E.g., selected travel solution, preferred transport modality, willingness to pay, etc. |
| User Data Model | A logical representation of entities and relationships between two (or more) entities describing the user from the personalization point of view. |
| User experience | The experience made by the user while implementing a travel. |
| User feedback | User feedback is an evaluation (e.g. comments or points) by the user about the different services provided by the platform; the profile identification (see profiling) can rely on the user’ choices through feedback, and can be used to provide personalized transportation planning and other services. |
| User feedback and profile management | The User Feedback and Profile Management is a module in the BONVOYAGE Reference Architecture that is in charge of collecting, storing and reacting to the user feedbacks and of managing their profile. |
| User need | A User need describes the expectation of the user to the system. |
| User Profile | A User profile is a region in the N dimensional space made by the user behavioural attributes. |
| User Profiling | Automatic identification of a user profile, i.e. the region in N dimensional space to be associated to a given user, the user profile being selected in a set of pre-identified user profiles (training phase). |
| Vision Statement | A Project Vision Statement is an idealistic view of the desired outcomes to be produced for the business after successful project completion. |
| WIKI | Content Management System enabling pages creation. |